Formerly known as John Howard Dental
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Level 1 of Royal Albert Hotel (Through Cafe Mondial) QLD 4000
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Causes of Tooth Discolouration

Tooth Discolouration: Common Causes

The Most Common Causes Of  Tooth Discolouration

It is easy to get tooth discolouration with the diet and lifestyle of today. Yellow or discoloured teeth are not liked by anyone. The darkening of otherwise white teeth can be caused by consuming too many staining foods and drinks. Smoking and drinking too much red wine, tea or coffee can also have the same effect. Our choice of foods and drinks can have a significant impact on the colour of our pearlies. However, other factors also contribute to this. Let’s look at the most common causes of tooth discolouration.

Tooth Discolouration
Tooth Discolouration

Tobacco/Chromogenic Foods/ Drinks

The consumption of tobacco and foods and beverages containing chromogenic dyes are major contributors. Red wine, coffee and cola drinks are examples. Smoking tobacco products can have a cumulative impact, so the degree of yellowing depends largely on the amount of smoke you consume.

Poor oral hygiene

It is often recommended that we brush our teeth to remove food particles and plaque stuck between teeth and gums. It is important to stress that brushing and flossing regularly will help reduce the chances of staining. Brushing immediately after consuming stain-causing drinks will reduce the chance that the stain-causing substance can adhere to the tooth enamel for long enough to cause cumulative staining. Regular professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist will not only remove yellow plaque but also staining.

Genetics 

Each person’s smile is uniquely theirs, with natural variations in tooth colour, brightness, and translucency that distinguish one individual from another. Understanding these natural differences is key to achieving personalized dental care and aesthetic outcomes that celebrate the diversity of natural tooth characteristics.

Medications

While certain antibiotics such as Tetracycline and Amoxicillin are safe to use in pregnant women, they can stain the teeth of an unborn child. Children who use these medications frequently can also develop deep stains. Ironically, mouthwashes that contain cetylpyridinium and chlorohexidine as well as antihistamines have also been named culprits for teeth discolouration.

Medical Treatments

Radiation treatments, such as head and neck radiotherapy and chemotherapy, can also cause a tan. These treatments can cause the enamel to weaken to the point that dark foods or drinks are more likely to stain the teeth.

Cancer treatments

The effects of chemotherapy and head and neck radiation therapy extend beyond their intended targets, often leading to unexpected dental complications such as tooth discolouration. These treatments, vital in combating cancer, can inadvertently affect oral health, highlighting the importance of comprehensive dental care during and after medical therapies.

Aging

The enamel on the teeth will become thinner, and more translucent as we age. This reveals the yellowish colour of the dentine underneath. Years of eating and drinking can also wear away the enamel on our teeth. Yellowed teeth can make a person appear older than they are.

Dental trauma

Tooth discolouration often stems from unexpected sources of trauma, such as falls, car crashes, or sports-related injuries. These incidents can impact teeth in ways that lead to noticeable changes in colouration, highlighting the complex relationship between dental health and unexpected accidents.

Discolouration Teeth of a Man
Discolouration Teeth of a Man

Different Color Meanings

The colour of the stain can be used to identify the cause.

  • Yellow stains usually occur when you eat or drink dark-coloured foods and beverages. You may need to improve your dental hygiene.
  • Brown discolouration of teeth is caused by smoking or chewing tobacco. If you notice brown stains or pitting on your teeth (small holes), you may have untreated decay.
  • Purple stains on teeth are common in people who drink a lot of wine.
  • Graytooth discolouration could mean that your nerve has died. This can be caused by dental trauma.
  • White spots on your teeth could indicate dental fluorosis. If you have white flecks on your teeth, it could be because of high fluoride levels during childhood when your teeth are developing.
  • Black Spots on Your Teeth Typically Indicate Areas of Severe Decay

Tooth Discoloration Treatments

The treatment options for teeth whitening can vary depending on what caused the discolouration.

  • Use of tooth brushing and flossing technique
  • Avoid foods and drinks that stain.
  • Using over-the-counter whitening agents. You may experience sensitivity, but it usually subsides after the bleaching process. Speak to your dentist if your gums become irritated.
  • Dentists can provide you with in-home whitening products.
  • Procedures for teeth whitening in the dentist’s office. You may need to make several visits to your dentist if you want your teeth whitened. The dentist will apply a rubber or gel shield to your gums before applying a whitening agent. You can also get a tray made to fit your mouth that you can use with whitening gel at home.
  • Bonding. Bonding. A dentist or prosthodontist will fuse material to stained teeth to change the colour or shape.
  • Veneers. Veneers. A dentist or prosthodontist will place a thin layer of material on the front of the tooth to change its colour or shape.

How Can I Restore Discoloured Teeth?

In any oral care aisle, you can find OTC teeth whitening products. These products include strips, pastes and rinses.

Some over-the-counter products are effective and safe, but others can cause damage to your enamel. This makes your teeth more susceptible to erosion and cavities. It’s best to consult your dentist before purchasing any products.

Ingredients to avoid in general include:

  • Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).
  • Charcoal activated is also known as Activated Charcoal.
  • Citric acid.

Look for the ADA Seal when shopping for teeth whitening products. The ADA Seal of Acceptance means that the products have been tested by experts for safety and effectiveness and are deemed safe to use.

How Can I Prevent Discolouration of My Teeth?

You can reduce the risk of surface discolouration by reducing your exposure to everyday substances.

  • Brush your teeth 2 to 3 times a week using a fluoride toothpaste approved by the ADA and a soft-bristled toothbrush.
  • Once a day, floss between your teeth.
  • Avoid foods and beverages that can stain your teeth like red wine, tea, coffee and cola.
  • Rinse your mouth with water after drinking any beverages that may cause discolouration of the teeth.
  • Stop smoking.
  • Schedule regular cleanings and exams with your dentist.